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landmarks
This chronology is indicative only. It covers -
Context is provided by the broader communications and
media timeline on this site.
antecedents
1868
Exchange & Mart launched by E W Cox
1916 Beaverbrook buys Daily
Express
1916 critics of PM Lloyd George buy Daily Chronicle
and Lloyd's Weekly News, form United Newspapers
1918
Beaverbrook launches Sunday Express
1927 United Newspapers sold to the Daily Chronicle Investment
Group
1928 Inveresk Paper Company gains control of United, which
is merged with Provincial Newspapers
1928 Mills & Rockley outdoor advertising group formed
in UK Midlands
1929 Daily Chronicle amalgamated with The Daily
News to form The Daily News & Chronicle
(later The News Chronicle)
1929 sells 50% of News & Chronicle to Pearson's
Westminster group
1930 sells rest of News & Chronicle
1933 Elmo Roper & Associates founded in US
1957 National Opinion Polls (NOP) founded
Yorkshire Post takeover
1964 United buys Yorkshire Post Newspaper group
1964 death of Lord Beaverbrook
1965 Mills & Rockley merges with Belfast-based David
Allen to form Mills & Allen
1971 property and investment group Trafalgar House buys
Cunard Line
1977 Beaverbrook Newspapers bought by Trafalgar House
and renamed Express Newspapers
1978 Vavasseur merchant bank renamed Mills & Allen International
(MAI)
1982 Trafalgar spins off media and shipping interests
as Fleet Holdings
1982 Richard Desmond gains
licence for UK edition of Penthouse
1984 Express and Evening Standard photo libraries sold
to BBC
United buys Fleet Holdings
1985 United buys 15% stake in Fleet Holdings (inc Express
newspapers group and Morgan Grampian group) from Robert
Maxwell's Pergamon Press
1986 United gains control of Fleet
1986 Brunton Curtis outdoor advertising formed
1987 MAI subsidiary Mills & Allen merges with London
& Continental Advertising Holdings (LCAH)
1988 Brunton Curtis buys carpark in Sydney
1989 United Newspapers sells Daily Express building
1989 The Express moves from Fleet Street to Blackfriars
Bridge
1989 DMG sells National Opinion
Polls to MAI for £16m
1989 MAI buys MIL Research Group for £33.2m, merges
business with NOP
1989 Conrad Black's Hollinger
increases holding in United Newspapers to over 5%
1989 MAI merges outdoor advertising interests with Havas,
later dilutes stake in joint group to under 15%
1993 United buys ten newspapers from porn czar Richard
Desmond
1993 Desmond launches OK!
1994 MAI buys Anglia Television for £292m
1994 United buys stock photo library Visual Communications
Group for £27m
1995 MAI buys Pearson's 14.8%
holding in Yorkshire-Tyne Tees Television for £41.2m
UNM established
1995 United Newspapers changes name to United News &
Media
1995 takes 5% stake in Channel 5 television
1995 Trafalgar House sells Ritz hotel to Barclay
bros for £75m
1996
United News & Media merges with MAI in deal valued
at £3.6bn
1996 sells Tolley publishing to Elsevier
for £100m
1996 Sunday Express amalgamated with Daily Express
to become The Express
1996 buys Scottish Television's 19.9% stake in HTV for
£73.7m
1996 buys exhibitions organiser Blenheim Group
1997 pays £260m for remaining 70.2% of HTV
1997 buys PR News Service (inc PRNewswire) from Tribune
1997 buys US magazine and trade show group Telecom Library
for US$130m
sells newspapers
1997 sells stake in Yorkshire Tyne Tees TV for £100m
1998 sells southern England newspapers for £47.5m
1998 sells United Provincial Newspapers (inc Yorkshire
Post) for £360m - subsequently acquired by Johnston
1998 sells Spanish newspapers for £42.75m
1998 sells Garban finance arm
1998 buys Verecom Group publisher and trade show organiser
1998 buys Fematec trade show in Argentina and Sao Paolo
Mercofarma trade show in Brazil
1998 buys Stammer and Tecnomedia magazine groups in Italy
1998 buys ProSign trade show in Germany
1999 buys Audits & Surveys Worldwide Inc. for US$42.5m
1999 buys Continuing Medical Education (CME) for US$111m
1999 buys CMP technology media company for US$920m
1999 buys Definitive Stock image library for US$20m
1999 sells UK and French publishing arms of CMP Media
to VNU
2000
The Express renamed the Daily Express
2000 United News & Media changes name to United Business
& Media
2000 sells Visual Communications Group to Getty
Images for US$220m
2000 sells US consumer magazines to Trader Publishing
Company (Landmark and Cox
joint venture) for US$520m
2000 increases Channel 5 stake to 35.37%
2000 sells Miller Freeman USA trade show and professional
publishing to VNU for US$650m
2000 sells Miller Freeman Europe to Elsevier
for £360m
2000 sells Express Newspapers to Desmond's
Northern & Shell for £125m
2000 sells television interests to Granada
for £1.8bn after collapse of proposed merger with Granada
or Carlton
2001 buys Allison-Fisher auto industry data service for
US$45m
2001 buys Roper Starch Worldwide for US$88m
2001 buys Kenko Sangyo Shimbun
2003 buys Interior Design Handbook and Space Series market
reports from Kenrick Place Media for £1.6m
2003 buys Aprovia UK (construction industry magazines,
formerly part of Vivendi) from
Cinven and Carlyle for £79m
2005 sells 33% stake in UK digital terrestrial television
multiplex operator SDN to ITV plc
for £35m
2005 buys medical trade press and other professional healthcare
business information services (inc Le Quotidien du
Medecin and Le Generaliste) in France from
MediMedia
2005 CMP Media buys DotNetJunkies.com and SqlJunkies.com
2005 sells NOP World market research business to GfK Aktiengesellschaft
for £383m
2005 announces sale of its 35% stake in UK Channel Five
Television to RTL for £247m
2005 pays US$56.5m for Light Reading, TechOnLine and Informex
online and events business
2005 sells Exchange & Mart and Auto Exchange
magazine to Gannett's Newsquest
for £50.25m
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